Abstract
This research utilized a carbonization procedure via microwave irradiation assisted by H3PO4 to generate a cost-effective adsorbent (CWDAG) from wood dust (WD) and algal (AG) biomass. The resulting CWDAG adsorbent was characterized for its methylene blue (MB) dye adsorption properties. The activation process employs 800 W microwave radiation for 15 min under a nitrogen gas (99.99%) atmosphere. Multiple techniques were employed to study the physicochemical properties of CWDAG, such as FTIR, XRD, FSEM-EDX, pHpzc, and BET. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize the three important parameters of adsorption, as follows: A: CWDAG dosage (0.02–0.12 g), B: pH (4–10), and C: contact time (30–420) min. BBD results show the highest removal of MB (98.6%) was met with a contact period of 225 min, a dosage of 0.12 g/100 mL of CWDAG at pH 10. Analysis of the kinetic profiles show that MB adsorption onto CWDAG occurred via a pseudo-second order (PSO) model. Adsorption isotherm analysis at equilibrium confirm that the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models fit the equilibrium data with similar goodness-of-fit results. Based on the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of CWDAG for MB is 32.3 mg/g. The possible mechanism of MB adsorption on the CWDAG surface include several contributions such as π–π stacking, H-bonding electrostatic forces, and pore filling.
Recommended Citation
Raja Derisa, Raja Razuan; Awang, Hazierul F.; Hakim Azman, Muhammad; Rashid, Intan Nur Hidayah Abdul; Hapiz, Ahmad; Wu, Ruihong; Reghioua, Abdallah; Yaseen, Zaher Mundher; and Wilson, Lee D.
(2025),
Thermal Carbonization of Biomass Wood Dust and Algae Wastes via Microwave-Assisted H3PO4: Desirability Function and Statistical Optimization,
AUIQ Complementary Biological System: Vol. 2:
Iss.
1, 60-76.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.70176/3007-973X.1023
Available at:
https://acbs.alayen.edu.iq/journal/vol2/iss1/5
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
10.70176/3007-973X.1023
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